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Margin vs. Markup: What's the Difference and How to Calculate Them
Pricing & Profitability

Margin vs. Markup: What's the Difference and How to Calculate Them

Margin and markup are often confused because both express the difference between cost and selling price as a percentage. The key difference is the base: margin is measured against selling price, while markup is measured against cost. That means the same sale will usually have different margin and markup percentages. This guide explains the formulas, worked examples, conversions, and the correct way to set a selling price for a target margin or markup. Cost, selling price, and gross profit A basic margin-and-markup calculation uses three quantities. Cost is the amount you choose to treat as th..

07/09/2026 0

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Margin vs. Markup: What's the Difference and How to Calculate Them
07/09/2026 Pricing & Profitability

Margin vs. Markup: What's the Difference and How to Calculate Them

Margin and markup are often confused because both express the difference between cost and selling price as a percentage. The key difference is the base: margin is measured against selling price, while markup is measured against cost. That means the same sale will usually have different margin and markup percentages. This guide explains the formulas, worked examples, conversions, and the correct way to set a selling price for a target margin or markup. Cost, selling price, and gross profit A basic margin-and-markup calculation uses three quantities. Cost is the amount you choose to treat as th..

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How to Calculate Electricity Usage and Cost
07/09/2026 Energy & Electrical

How to Calculate Electricity Usage and Cost

Electricity use is straightforward to estimate when you know an appliance's power, operating time, and the price you pay per kWh. This guide explains watts, kilowatts, kilowatt-hours, the core formulas, worked appliance examples, and direct cost calculations when your kWh usage is already known. Power and energy use are different quantities Watts (W) and kilowatts (kW) describe power: the rate at which a device uses energy at a given moment. Kilowatt-hours (kWh) describe energy used over time. 1 kW = 1000 WEnergy, kWh = Power, kW × Time, hours A 1500 W appliance has a power rating of 1.5 kW. ..

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How to Calculate Concrete Volume for Slabs, Footings, Walls and Columns
06/09/2026 Construction

How to Calculate Concrete Volume for Slabs, Footings, Walls and Columns

Concrete volume is the amount of three-dimensional space that must be filled by concrete for a given shape. For a slab, strip footing, wall, beam or column, the calculation starts with the dimensions and geometry of the element rather than with bag count or concrete strength. In metric work the result is normally expressed in cubic metres (m³). Litres can be useful for smaller quantities, while imperial projects commonly use cubic feet (ft³) and cubic yards (yd³). The key requirement is that linear dimensions are converted to compatible units before they are multiplied. This guide explains net..

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How to Calculate Fuel Consumption and Trip Cost
06/09/2026 Automotive

How to Calculate Fuel Consumption and Trip Cost

Fuel consumption describes how much fuel a vehicle uses to cover a given distance. In metric markets it is commonly expressed as litres per 100 kilometres (L/100 km), while specifications and travel information may also use km/L or MPG. A related practical question is how much fuel a planned route will require and what that fuel will cost at a given price. That is a planning calculation: trip distance is combined with the vehicle's average fuel economy, then required fuel is combined with the price per litre or gallon. This guide covers both tasks: measuring actual consumption from real distan..

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How to Calculate Days Between Two Dates: Rules and Examples
06/09/2026 Date & Time

How to Calculate Days Between Two Dates: Rules and Examples

When you need to measure the time between two events, check the length of a period, or simply find out how many days separate two dates, the first step is to define the counting rule. “Days between dates” can mean the number of elapsed calendar days, or the number of calendar dates in a period when both boundaries are counted. For most date-difference calculations, the start date is the reference point and the end date is not added as a separate day by default. That is why 1 September to 5 September is 4 days, not 5. This guide explains that convention, inclusive counting, leap years, reversed..

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How to Calculate a Monthly Loan Payment: Formula and Examples
26/08/2026 Loans & Credit

How to Calculate a Monthly Loan Payment: Formula and Examples

When taking out a loan, it is useful to look beyond the amount you receive and understand how much you will need to pay each month and how much interest you may pay over the full term. A monthly loan payment is mainly determined by three inputs: the loan amount, the interest rate and the loan term. Even a relatively small change in the rate or term can make a noticeable difference to both the scheduled monthly payment and the total amount repaid. This guide explains how an equal-payment amortizing loan works, how the monthly payment is calculated and how to compare different borrowing scenario..

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How to Calculate a Percentage of a Number: Formulas and Examples
26/08/2026 Percentages & Finance

How to Calculate a Percentage of a Number: Formulas and Examples

Percentages appear in discounts, markups, statistics, finance, taxes and everyday comparisons. However, “calculate a percentage” can describe several different tasks. You may need to find 15% of a number, increase a value by 15%, decrease it by 15%, or recover the original value when only a percentage share is known. The LUKIK Percentage Calculator supports these main scenarios. What does a percentage mean? One percent is one hundredth of a value: 1% = 1 / 100 = 0.01 Therefore: 25% = 25 / 100 = 0.25 This conversion is the basis of percentage calculations. How to find a percentage of a number F..

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How to Add or Extract VAT from an Amount: Formulas and Examples
26/08/2026 Taxes & Calculations

How to Add or Extract VAT from an Amount: Formulas and Examples

VAT calculations usually involve two different tasks: adding VAT to a net amount or extracting VAT from an amount that already includes it. These operations require different formulas. The LUKIK VAT Calculator uses a rate entered by the user. It does not decide which legal VAT rate applies to a particular transaction, product, service or jurisdiction. The rates below are arithmetic examples only. Net amount, VAT amount and gross amount Let: X = amount; R = VAT rate in percent. If the starting amount is net, VAT is calculated from that base and added. If the starting amount is already gross, th..

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How to Calculate Simple Interest on a Deposit: Formula and Examples
26/08/2026 Savings & Deposits

How to Calculate Simple Interest on a Deposit: Formula and Examples

Simple interest is a model in which interest is calculated only on the original principal. Previously earned interest does not become part of the base for future periods. That is the scope of the current LUKIK Deposit Calculator: simple interest without compounding. This distinction matters because compound-interest calculations follow a different mathematical model. What is simple interest? Let: P = initial principal; R = annual interest rate in percent; T = term in years; I = interest earned; A = final amount. Formula: I = P × R / 100 × T Final amount: A = P + I For a term entered in months:..

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How Compound Interest Works: Formula, Compounding and Examples
26/08/2026 Savings & Interest

How Compound Interest Works: Formula, Compounding and Examples

Compound interest differs from simple interest because previously earned interest can become part of the base for later periods. Interest can therefore be earned not only on the original principal but also on interest that has already been capitalized. The longer the term and the more frequently compounding occurs, the more noticeable the difference from a simple-interest model can become. The current LUKIK Compound Interest Calculator uses one initial principal and discrete compounding. Compound-interest formula Formula: A = P × (1 + R / (100 × m))^(m × T) Interest earned: I = A − P where: P ..

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